Q. Explain flow of Route53 ?
When you request for www.example.com, it will first go to DNS resolver
Then DNS root name server-> it will check if domain is .com / .in /.org
If .com instruct to go to name server for .com TLD(Top Level Domain)
TLD will tell you to go to Route 53 name server
Route 53 has resolver -> it will give IP address of requested domain
And you get response from application
This all information will be saved in cache memory so next time when you request same application it will directly fetch IP address
Route53 -
To register a new domain or transfer existing domains, route traffic for your domains to your AWS and external resources and monitor the health of your resources.
- Route53 functions-
DNS management
Traffic management
Availability monitoring
Domain Registration
- AWS supports-
Generic Top level domains - .com, .org, .net
Geographic Top level domains - in, .us, .uk
Note - When you migrate from one DNS provider to another, change can take upto 48hrs.
Routing Policies -
- Failover routing policy
Failover routing policy refers to a networking strategy designed to ensure network availability and reliability by automatically rerouting traffic when the primary connection or path fails.
This policy is typically implemented in complex network infrastructures such as data centres, cloud environments, or enterprise networks where uninterrupted connectivity is critical.
- Geolocation routing policy
Geolocation routing policy is a technique used in networking to direct traffic based on the geographical location of the requesting client or the destination server.
If any traffic generated from location A, response must be from A location server.
- Geo-proximity routing policy -
Geo-proximity routing policy, also known as proximity-based routing, is a networking strategy that directs traffic based on the physical proximity of the client to various server locations. The goal is to optimize performance by minimizing latency and maximizing throughput for end-users.
If user traffic increases in C and active servers are less then boundaries of C will automatically shrink and expand of D & users will go to D.
Hence traffic will get reduced in C.
- Latency routing policy -
Latency routing policy is a networking strategy used to direct traffic based on the perceived latency or network response time between the client and various server locations.
We get response from server which has less traffic.
- IP-based routing policy
- IP based routing allows you to create set of CIDR blocks that represent the client
IP network ranges and map those CIDR to locations.
192.168.100.0/27 - India
10.10.10.0/28 - USA
- Weight routing policy-
Weighted routing policy is a networking strategy where traffic is directed to different destinations based on predefined weights or priorities assigned to each destination.
- Multivalue answer routing policy
- Multivalue answering routing distribute DNS responses across multiple IP addresses.
If a web server becomes unavailable after resolver caches a response, a client can try upto 8 other IP addresses from the responses to avoid downtime.
amazom
uptime -> up
Record Sets-
It is collection of DNS records that are used to map a domain name to various resources on internet
A record - Map a domain name to an IP address
CNAME -Map an alias name(www.facebook.com/fb.com)
MX record - Route email delivery
NS record - identify the name servers that are responsible for a domain.
PTR record -Used for reverse DNS lookups, mapping an IP address to a domain name, often for email server verification. In AWS, PTR records for Elastic IPs are configured through AWS Support, not directly in Route 53.
SOA record -Defines administrative details for a DNS zone, including the primary DNS server, admin email, and refresh settings. It’s automatically created by AWS for each hosted zone.
TXT record - Used to store arbitrary text data in DNS, commonly for domain verification, email security (e.g., SPF, DKIM, DMARC), or other custom purposes. In AWS Route 53, you create TXT records to validate ownership for services like AWS, Google, or email providers.
AAAA record - Map a domain name to an IPv6 address.
SRV record -Specifies the location (hostname and port) of a service within a domain, enabling clients to discover services like SIP, LDAP, or Minecraft. In AWS Route 53, SRV records are configured with a service name, protocol, priority, weight, port, and target hostname.